Kerogen Maturation and petroleum generation (reply)

KEROGEN-RICH MICROMETEORITES AND CRUDE PETROLEUM IN HADEAN TIME. M.Maurette,

Delivery of micrometeorite kerogen to the Hadean oceanic crust. Kerogens are abundant byproducts of incomplete combustion, pyrolysis and radiation reprocessing of almost any kinds of organic precursors. Therefore they are observed in a wide variety of environments, including: ▬ terrestrial shales, ▬ the fine-grained matrix of hydrous-carbonaceous chondrites (HCCs) such as Murchison; ▬ the inter...

Reactive oxygen species generation and use of antioxidants during in vitro maturation of oocytes: a Review

In vitro maturation (IVM) is emerging as a popular technology at the forefront of fertility treatment and preservation. However, standard in vitro culture conditions usually increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been implicated as one of the major causes for reduced embryonic developmental competence. It is well-known that higher than physiological levels of ROS triggers granulosa ...

The Authors’ Reply

Generation of water-soluble organic acids from kerogen during hydrous pyrolysis: implications for porosity development

Concentrations of organic acids ranging up to several thousand parts per million have previously been found in oil-field waters. These acids are of interest because of their potential to enhance porosity by the dissolution of carbonates and aluminosilicates. They are believed to be generated from organic geopolymers (kerogen) in the late-diagenetic-early-catagenetic stage of thermal maturation....

Plant Biopolymer–Geopolymer: Organic Diagenesis and Kerogen Formation

Sedimentary organic matter is formed by diagenesis (reactions in sediments up to 60°C, Tegelaar et al., 1989) and catagenesis (those >100°C induced by thermal cracking, Tissot and Welte, 1984) of biological material introduced during deposition from primary producers. Over 90% of this sedimentary organic matter is a non-hydrolyzable (i.e., immune to acid–base hydrolysis) macropolymer called ker...